{"id":1339,"date":"2012-02-10T08:56:11","date_gmt":"2012-02-10T07:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.solucominsight.fr\/?p=1339"},"modified":"2015-08-17T11:06:33","modified_gmt":"2015-08-17T10:06:33","slug":"la-france-grelotte-le-reseau-electrique-souffre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.riskinsight-wavestone.com\/en\/2012\/02\/la-france-grelotte-le-reseau-electrique-souffre\/","title":{"rendered":"La France grelotte, le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique souffre"},"content":{"rendered":"

[Tribune r\u00e9dig\u00e9e en collaboration avec\u00a0 V\u00e9ra Drouhet et Cl\u00e9ment Le Liepvre]<\/p>\n

La France a atteint un pic de consommation \u00e9lectrique historique le mercredi 8 f\u00e9vrier \u00e0 19h. Quelles en sont cons\u00e9quences et les mesures mises en place ? Quelles opportunit\u00e9s se d\u00e9gagent ? D\u00e9cryptage.
\nAvec les chutes de temp\u00e9ratures de ces derniers jours, la demande en gaz et \u00e9lectricit\u00e9 \u00e0 litt\u00e9ralement explos\u00e9 partout en Europe et particuli\u00e8rement en France, sur\u00e9quip\u00e9e en dispositifs de chauffage \u00e9lectrique<\/a>. Ainsi, la demande fran\u00e7aise en gaz la plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e de l’histoire a \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9e vendredi, \u00e0 3.198 gigawattheures, selon les chiffres de GRTGaz. Parall\u00e8lement, le pic de consommation \u00e9lectrique a atteint un record historique\u00a0 <\/a>mercredi avec 101.700 MW appel\u00e9s \u00e0 19h. Pourtant, EDF le clame haut et fort : le black-out national devrait \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9, principalement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 nos 55 centrales nucl\u00e9aires en fonctionnement, et aux importations<\/a>…<\/p>\n

Quelles cons\u00e9quences\u00a0 a donc la vague de froid ?<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Envol\u00e9e du co\u00fbt du kilowattheure<\/em>
\nLa demande est telle que les ressources se rar\u00e9fient et se rench\u00e9rissent. lundi 06 f\u00e9vrier, le prix du m\u00e9gawattheure de gaz pour livraison aujourd’hui s’\u00e9levait \u00e0 34,68 euros, en hausse de 48 % sur une semaine. \u00ab Une transaction a eu lieu vendredi \u00e0 36 euros, niveau jamais atteint depuis la cr\u00e9ation de la Bourse du gaz en novembre 2008<\/em> \u00bb, selon un porte-parole. Dans l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, les prix ont eux aussi connu des tensions.<\/p>\n

Black-out des r\u00e9gions isol\u00e9es<\/em>
\nM\u00eame si le risque de black-out national est \u00e9cart\u00e9, certaines r\u00e9gions fran\u00e7aises isol\u00e9es sont particuli\u00e8rement \u00e9prouv\u00e9es.\u00a0 Ainsi, PACA et la Bretagne produisent seulement 10% de leur consommation \u00e9lectrique, le reste \u00e9tant achemin\u00e9 via le r\u00e9seau national. Si un accident survient sur cette ligne d\u2019acheminement \u00e0 tr\u00e8s haute tension ou s\u2019il y a surconsommation, aucune alimentation de secours ne peut prendre le relais : c\u2019est le black-out. Ainsi, dans ces deux r\u00e9gions, RTE met-il en pratique l\u2019 \u00ab effacement \u00bb. \u00abOn coupe volontairement quelques clients pour permettre \u00e0 certains points prioritaires, h\u00f4pitaux ou centres de contr\u00f4le, de rester aliment\u00e9s<\/em> \u00bb<\/em>, explique Catherine Greilveldinger<\/a>, directrice de RTE Sud-Est.<\/p>\n

Quelles actions sont elles envisageables ?<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sensibiliser les gros consommateurs aux \u00e9conomies d’\u00e9nergie : Ecowatt<\/em><\/p>\n

RTE, transporteur de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 et responsable de l\u2019\u00e9quilibre national entre l\u2019offre et la demande, a mis en place un programme d\u2019incitation \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des d\u00e9penses en p\u00e9riode de pointe, Ecowatt. Par exemple, Keolis, exploitant du r\u00e9seau de m\u00e9tro rennais, s\u2019est inscrit au programme Ecowatt afin d\u2019\u00eatre tenu inform\u00e9 des alertes de consommation. Ainsi lors des pics, l\u2019exploitant a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de diminuer la vitesse de ses rames. Passant de 60 \u00e0 54 km\/h, le changement n\u2019est pas perceptible par les usagers et permet une baisse de consommation d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 de 300 \u00e0 500 kW soit pr\u00e8s de 10 \u00e0 20% de la consommation totale du m\u00e9tro lors des alertes. D’apr\u00e8s RTE, \u00abl\u2019ensemble des gestes de r\u00e9duction de consommation r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur le territoire breton entra\u00eeneraient de 1,5 \u00e0 2% d’\u00e9conomies d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 pendant les pics, soit l’\u00e9quivalent de la consommation d’une ville comme Brest\u00bb<\/em> conclut Sandrine Morassi<\/a>, responsable de la communication de RTE Ouest.<\/p>\n

Les crises de grands froids, une opportunit\u00e9 ?<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Finalement, ces vagues de froid fortement m\u00e9diatis\u00e9es peuvent constituer une opportunit\u00e9 pour la pr\u00e9paration du futur du march\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. En effet, la gestion de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 doit \u00e9voluer pour trois raisons majeures : limiter le co\u00fbt \u00e9conomique des moyens de production de pointe,\u00a0 en r\u00e9duire l\u2019empreinte \u00e9cologique et faciliter l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de la France.<\/p>\n

Un levier majeur pour atteindre ces objectifs est d\u2019amener le secteur r\u00e9sidentiel \u00e0 r\u00e9duire ses consommations et \u00e0 les d\u00e9placer hors p\u00e9riodes de pointe. Face \u00e0 un prix de l\u2019\u00e9nergie relativement bas et quasi constant, cela constitue en soi un d\u00e9fi pour les \u00e9nerg\u00e9ticiens.
\nLa fili\u00e8re \u00e9lectrique a pr\u00e9par\u00e9 une batterie d\u2019outils : le suivi de consommation, l\u2019alerting en cas de surconsommation, les conseils, la tarification variable, le pilotage \u00e0 distance des \u00e9quipements, l\u2019effacement diffus, \u2026 Mais faute d\u2019app\u00e9tence client, les business mod\u00e8les de ces services ne se confirment pas. Finalement, cette p\u00e9riode de risque de black-out contribue \u00e0 cette \u00e9volution de mentalit\u00e9s in\u00e9luctable.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9veloppement des services \u00e9volu\u00e9s de gestion de l\u2019\u00e9nergie pourrait donc profiter de ce gel des temp\u00e9ratures. Les crises sont souvent des moteurs d\u2019innovation<\/a> , un black-out national pourrait \u00eatre celui de l\u2019av\u00e8nement de la Smart Energy !<\/p>\n

Pour lire plus d’articles sur le secteur de l’\u00e9nergie, cliquez ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[Tribune r\u00e9dig\u00e9e en collaboration avec\u00a0 V\u00e9ra Drouhet et Cl\u00e9ment Le Liepvre] La France a atteint un pic de consommation \u00e9lectrique historique le mercredi 8 f\u00e9vrier \u00e0 19h. Quelles en sont cons\u00e9quences et les mesures mises en place ? Quelles opportunit\u00e9s…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":3386,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"page-templates\/tmpl-one.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40,32],"tags":[332,298,335,334,333],"coauthors":[836,812],"class_list":["post-1339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energie-utilities","category-marketing-relation-client","tag-black-out","tag-electricite","tag-pic-de-consommation","tag-rte","tag-vague-de-froid"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa France grelotte, le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique souffre - RiskInsight<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.riskinsight-wavestone.com\/2012\/02\/la-france-grelotte-le-reseau-electrique-souffre\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La France grelotte, le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique souffre - RiskInsight\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[Tribune r\u00e9dig\u00e9e en collaboration avec\u00a0 V\u00e9ra Drouhet et Cl\u00e9ment Le Liepvre] La France a atteint un pic de consommation \u00e9lectrique historique le mercredi 8 f\u00e9vrier \u00e0 19h. 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